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it did not so much judge the quality of a trader's performance as encourage him to game the system by working for short-term profits at the expense of possible blowups - like -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

An elephant is vastly more efficient, metabolically, than a mouse. It's the same for a megacity as opposed to a village. But an elephant can break a leg very easily, whereas you can toss a mouse out of a window and it'll be fine. Size makes you fragile. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

A system, artificially stabilized, and of course you have hidden risks under the surface, and you don't know where the risks are. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

I've been telling anyone willing to listen that banks have a tendency to sit on time bombs while convincing themselves that they are conservative and nonvolatile. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

But they never notice the following inconsistency: this so-called worst-case event, when it happened, exceeded the worst case at the time. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

What made medicine fool people for so long was that its successes were prominently displayed and its mistakes (literally) buried. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

I don't go to the doctor except when I'm very ill, and when I go to India, I drink a drop of local water. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Umberto Eco is the owner of a large personal library of almost 30,000 books that he has not read. [To him] read books are far less valuable than unread ones. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Writers are remembered for their best work, politicians for their worst mistakes, and businessmen are almost never remembered. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Wear your best for your execution and stand dignified. Your last recourse against randomness is how you act - if you can't control outcomes, you can control the elegance of your behaviour. You will always have the last word. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The difference between slaves in Roman and Ottoman days and today's employees is that slaves did not need to flatter their boss. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

I want to live happily in a world I don't understand. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Pasteur said, like all great discoverers, he knew something about accidental discoveries. The best way to get maximal exposure is to keep researching. Collect opportunities-- -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

higher concentration of dopamine appears to lower skepticism and result in greater vulnerability to pattern detection; an -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

My lesson from Soros is to start every meeting at my boutique by convincing everyone that we are a bunch of idiots who know nothing and are mistake-prone, but happen to be endowed with the rare privilege of knowing it. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Meditation is a way to be narcissistic without hurting anyone -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

If you want to get an idea of a friend's temperament, ethics, and personal elegance, you need to look at him under the tests of severe circumstances, not under the regular rosy glow of daily life. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Never ask anyone for their opinion, forecast, or recommendation. Just ask them what they have - or don't have - in their portfolio. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

If you ever do have to heed a forecast, keep in mind that its accuracy degrades rapidly as you extend it through time. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Hard work will get you a professorship or a BMW. You need both work and luck for a Booker, a Nobel or a private jet. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Makridakis and Hibon reached the sad conclusion that "statistically sophisticated or complex methods do not necessarily provide more accurate forecasts than simpler ones. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The psychologist Gerd Gigerenzer has a simple heuristic. Never ask the doctor what you should do. Ask him what he would do if he were in your place. You would be surprised at the difference -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

I have anecdotal evidence in my business that MBAs tend to blow up in financial markets, as they are trained to simplify matters a couple of steps beyond their requirement. (I beg the MBA reader not to take offense; I am myself the unhappy holder of the degree.) -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The three most harmful addictions are heroin, carbohydrates, and a monthly salary. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

People have the problem of denial. This is one of the things I learned in Lebanon. Everybody who left Beirut when the war started, including my parents, said, 'Oh, its temporary.' It lasted 17 years! People tend to underestimate the gravity of these situations. That's how they work. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Realism is punishing. Probabilistic skepticism is worse. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

People often need to suspend their self-promotion, and have someone in their lives they do not need to impress. This explains dog ownership. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

wealth does not count so much into one's well-being as the route one uses to get to it. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

In finance, for instance, people use flimsy theories to manage their risks and put wild ideas under "rational" scrutiny. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

They think that intelligence is about noticing things are relevant (detecting patterns); in a complex world, intelligence consists in ignoring things that are irrelevant (avoiding false patterns) -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Much of modern life is preventable chronic stress injury. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

We have this culture of financialization. People think they need to make money with their savings rather with their own business. So you end up with dentists who are more traders than dentists. A dentist should drill teeth and use whatever he does in the stock market for entertainment. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

What is nonmeasurable and nonpredictable will remain nonmeasurable and nonpredictable ... no matter how much hate mail I get. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

But the worst touristification is the life we moderns have to lead in captivity, during our leisure hours: Friday night opera, scheduled parties, scheduled laughs. Again, golden jail. This "goal-driven" attitude hurts deeply inside my existential self. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Difficulty is what wakes up the genius -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The Internet allows the small guy a global marketplace. But technology is harmful in the sense that we get too much information from it. Because of the web we get 10 times the amount of noise we ever got, which makes harmful fallacies far more likely. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

It is my great hope someday, to see science and decision makers rediscover what the ancients have always known. Namely that our highest currency is respect. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

When you walk the walk, whether successful or not, you feel more indifferent and robust to people's opinion, freer, more real. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Inequalities of wealth lead to a dispersion in wealth for all. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

If you survive until tomorrow, it could mean that either a) you are more likely to be immortal or b) that you are closer to death. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The simpler, the better. Complications lead to multiplicative chains of unanticipated effects. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

I disagree with the followers of Marx and those of Adam Smith: the reason free markets work is because they allow people to be lucky, thanks to aggressive trial and error, not by giving rewards or "incentives" for skill. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Older people are most beautiful when they have what is lacking in the young: poise, erudition, wisdom, phronesis, and this post-heroic absence of agitation. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

follows: to understand the future to the point of being able to predict it, you need to incorporate elements from this future itself. If -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

English does not distinguish between arrogant-up (irreverence toward the temporarily powerful) and arrogant-down (directed at the small guy). -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

I hated school because I liked to daydream and the system tried to stop me from that. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The book is the only medium left that hasn't been corrupted by the profane. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

No matter how sophisticated our choices, how good we are at dominating the odds, randomness will have the last word. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

I then completely gave up reading newspapers and watching television, which freed up a considerable amount of time (say one hour or more a day, enough time to read more than a hundred additional books per year, which, after a couple of decades, starts mounting). -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

But the technology is only trivial retrospectively - not prospectively. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Using, as an excuse, others' failure of common sense is in itself a failure of common sense. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

He who has never sinned is less reliable than he who has only sinned once. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Most people are sceptical about the wrong things and gullible about the wrong things. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

We should reward people, not ridicule them, for thinking the impossible. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The process of discovery (or innovation, or technological progress) itself depends on antifragile tinkering, aggressive risk bearing rather than formal education. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

They will envy you for your success, your wealth, for your intelligence, for your looks, for your status - but rarely for your wisdom. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The rationalist imagines an imbecile-free society; the empiricist and imbecile-proof one, or even better, a rationalist-proof one. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

In other words, history teaches us to avoid the brand of naive empiricism that consists of learning from casual historical facts. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

There were two main sources of technical knowledge and innovation in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries: the hobbyist and the English rector, both of whom were generally in barbell situations. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Missing a train is only painful if you run after it! Likewise, not matching the idea of success others expect from you is only painful if that's what you are seeking. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Love without sacrifice is like theft -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Yet simplicity has been difficult to implement in modern life because it is against the spirit of a certain brand of people who seek sophistication so they can justify their profession. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

...avoidance of small mistakes makes the large ones more severe. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Wind extinguishes a candle and energizes fire. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

What I learned on my own I still remember -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Probability is not a mere computation of odds on the dice or more complicated variants; it is the acceptance of the lack of certainty in our knowledge and the development of methods for dealing with our ignorance. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Writing is sacred, other activities are profane, and I don't want them to corrupt my writing. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Greatness starts with the replacement of hatred with polite disdain. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Modernity needs to understand that being rich and becoming rich are not mathematically, personally, socially, and ethically the same thing. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

If you let markets - in general, my belief is that if you let markets give you information, they'll give you the information rather than artificially prop up everything. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Let us return to the idea that universities generate wealth and the growth of useful knowledge in society. There is a causal illusion here; time to bust it. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

You will get the most attention from those who hate you. No friend, no admirer and no partner will flatter you with as much curiosity. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Things always become obvious after the fact -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Life would be unbearably bland if we had no enemies on whom to waste efforts and energy. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Governments are wasting billions of dollars on attempting to predict events that are produced by interdependent systems and are therefore not statistically understandable at the individual level. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

A Stoic is a Buddhist with attitude, one who says "f*** you" to fate. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

system that overcompensates is necessarily in overshooting mode, -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Steve Jobs, Bill Gates and Mark Zuckerberg didn't finish college. Too much emphasis is placed on formal education - I told my children not to worry about their grades but to enjoy learning. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

If you see fraud and do not say fraud, you are a fraud. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

This is the tragedy of modernity: as with neurotically overprotective parents, those trying to help are often hurting us the most. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

A country's assets reside in the tinkerers, the hobbyists, and the risk-takers. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The problem is that our ideas are sticky: once we produce a theory, we are not likely to change our minds ... -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Two weekends in Philadelphia are not twice as pleasant as a single one - I've tried. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Poverty is clearly one source of emotional suffering, but there are others, like loneliness. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

We humans lack imagination, to the point of not even knowing what tomorrow's important things will look like. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Deficits are like putting dynamite in the hands of children. They can get out of control very quickly. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

We would not even need a statistician; a second-rate engineer would do. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

This is the central illusion in life: that randomness is risky, that it is a bad thing - and that eliminating randomness is done by eliminating randomness. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Just as in matters of seduction, people lend the most to those who need them the least. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Avoidance of boredom is the only worthy mode of action. Life otherwise is not worth living.) -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Scranton showed that we have been building and using jet engines in a completely trial-and-error experiential manner, without anyone truly understanding the theory. Builders -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

We humans are the victims of an asymmetry in the perception of random events. We attribute our successes to our skills, and our failures to external events outside our control, namely to randomness. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Remember that you are a Black Swan. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Abundance is harder for us to handle than scarcity. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

When we want to do something while unconsciously certain to fail, we seek advice so we can blame someone else for the failure. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

We favor the sensational and the extremely visible. This affects the way we judge heroes. There is little room in our consciousness for heroes who do not deliver visible results - or those heroes who focus on process rather than results. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The curious mind embraces science; the gifted and sensitive, the arts; the practical, business; the leftover becomes an economist -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

my antidote to Black Swans is precisely to be noncommoditized in my thinking. But -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

To become a successful philosopher king, it is much better to start as a king than as a philosopher, -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

You exist if and only if you are free to do things without a visible objective, with no justification and, above all, outside the dictatorship of someone else's narrative. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Anything that provides you with very, very stable income, very stable conditions, maybe generally stable, that often, it masks real risks, risks of blow-ups. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Things are always obvious after the fact. The civil servant was a very intelligent person, and this mistake is much more prevalent than one would think. It has to do with the way our mind handles historical information. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

never trust the words of a man who is not free. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

True humility is when you can surprise yourself more than others; the rest is either shyness or good marketing -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The only article Lady Fortuna has no control over is your behavior. Good luck. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Loss of mental function, taste for Frank Sinatra music, and similar degenerative effects. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

You don't become completely free by just avoiding being a slave; you also need to avoid becoming a master. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Debt is a mistake between lender and borrower, and both should suffer. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Only the autodidacts are free. And not just in school matters - those who decommoditize, detouristify their lives. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Those who do not think that employment is systemic slavery are either blind or employed. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

When you beat up someone physically, you get excercise and stress relief; when you assault him verbally on the Internet, you just harm yourself. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The best test of whether someone is extremely stupid (or extremely wise) is whether financial and political news makes sense to him. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The best way to learn a language may be an episode of jail in a foreign country. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

A Stoic is someone who transforms fear into prudence, pain into transformation, mistakes into initiation, and desire into undertaking. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Never take advice from someone wearing a tie. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

On the day when we are able to foresee inventions we will be living in a state where everything conceivable has been invented. Our -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Psychologists have shown the irony of the process of thought control: the more energy you put into trying to control your ideas and what you think about, the more your ideas end up controlling you. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Karl Marx, a visionary, figured out that you can control a slave much better by convincing him he is an employee. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Make sure that you are in a situation where the constant mistakes are small and can be used for something. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

It might be useful to be able to predict war. But tension does not necessarily lead to war, but often to peace and to denouement. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

You have to work hard to get your thinking clean to make it simple. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Probability and expectation are not the same. Its probability and probability times the pay off. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Never ask a trader if he is profitable: you can easily see it in his gesture and gait. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The grandchildren should not bear the debts of the grandparents. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Only in recent history has "working hard" signaled pride rather than shame for lack of talent, finesse and, mostly, sprezzatura . -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

In the past, only some of the males, but all of the females, were able to procreate. Equality is more natural for females. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Evidence shows that we do much less thinking than we believe we do - except, of course, when we think about it. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Every time you use a coffeemaker for your morning cappuccino, you are benefiting from the fragility of the coffeemaking entrepreneur who failed. He failed in order to help put the superior merchandise on your kitchen counter. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Someone who says "I am busy" is either declaring incompetence (and lack of control of his life) or trying to get rid of you. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The traits I respect are erudition and the courage to stand up when half-men are afraid for their reputation. Any idiot can be intelligent. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Most so-called writers keep writing and writing with the hope to, some day, find something to say. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Daily news and sugar confuse our system in the same manner. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The author cites researcher David Howard's idea of post-traumatic growth. Howard contends that some individuals faced with a traumatic event actually develop new strength. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

When some systems are stuck in a dangerous impasse, randomness and only randomness can unlock them and set them free. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Scepticism is effortful and costly. It is better to be sceptical about matters of large consequences, and be imperfect, foolish and human in the small and the aesthetic. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

This simple inability to remember not the true sequence of events but a reconstructed one will make history appear in hindsight to be far more explainable than it actually was - or is. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The epiphany I had in my career in randomness came when I understood that I was not intelligent enough, nor strong enough, to even try to fight my emotions. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

As countries get rich they start increasing education and the very educated people tend to not like trial and error, because they think they're obligated to use the body of knowledge they have. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Some business bets in which one wins big but infrequently, yet loses small but frequently, are worth making if others are suckers for them and if you have the personal and intellectual stamina. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The problem lies in the structure of our minds: we don't learn rules, just facts, and only facts. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Something has worked in the past, until - well, it unexpectedly no longer does, and what we have learned from the past turns out to be at best irrelevant or false, at worst viciously misleading. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

What they call "play" (gym, travel, sports) looks like work. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Don't cross a river if it is four feet deep on average. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

We are quick to forget that just being alive is an extraordinary piece of good luck, a remote event, a chance occurrence of monstrous proportions. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

People do not realize that the media is paid to get your attention. For a journalist, silence rarely surpasses any word. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

You view the world from within a model. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Work hard, not in grunt work, but in chasing such opportunities and maximizing exposure to them. This makes living in big cities invaluable because you increase the odds of serendipitous encounters-you gain exposure to the envelope of serendipity. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The track record of economists in predicting events is monstrously bad. It is beyond simplification; it is like medieval medicine. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The excess energy released from overreaction to setbacks is what innovates! -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

We should probably stop trading derivatives, anything more complex than regular options ... I am an options trader, and I don't understand options. How do you want a regulator to understand them? -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The defender of the dogmas of modern finance and efficient markets started a fund that took advantage of market inefficiencies! It is as if the Pope converted to Islam. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Most info-Web-media-newspaper types have a hard time swallowing the idea that knowledge is reached (mostly) by removing junk from peoples heads -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The next time someone pesters you with unneeded advice, gently remind him of the fate of the monk whom Ivan the Terrible put to death for delivering uninvited (and moralizing) advice. It works as a short-term cure. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Doctors most commonly get mixed up between absence of evidence and evidence of abense -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

If you are an Arabic-speaking, Greek-Orthodox going to a French school it makes you deeply sceptical if you have to listen to three different accounts of the Crusades - one from the Muslim side, one from the Greek side and one from the Catholic side. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

the studious examination of the past in the greatest of detail does not teach you much about the mind of History; it only gives you the illusion of understanding it. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The consequences are not trivial: It means that rational thinking has little, very little, to do with risk avoidance. Much of what rational thinking seems to do is rationalize one's actions by fitting some logic to them. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The people I go after are the false experts, those who do not accept the limits of their knowledge. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Individuals should think about the worst-case scenarios and plan for them. The world will be crazier than you think it will be. Put money away, and then you can live with much more freedom. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

He provides the example of a philosopher who puzzles about the reality of time, but who nonetheless applies for a research grant to work on the philosophical problem of time during next year's sabbatical - without doubting the reality of next year's arrival. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Modernity's double punishment is to make us both age prematurely and live longer. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

A mathematician thinks in numbers, a lawyer in laws, and an idiot thinks in words. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The key to wealth is that it doesn't matter. Once you've had it, you don't think anything of it; you can wear cheap watches. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Globalization has created this interlocking fragility. At no time in the history of the universe has the cancellation of a Christmas order in New York meant layoffs in China. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

(J)ust as we tend to underestimate the role of luck in life in general, we tend to overestimate it in games of chance. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Decomposition, for most, starts when they leave the free, social, and uncorrupted college life for the solitary confinement of professions and nuclear families. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

You find peace by coming to terms with what you don't know. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Half of life - the interesting half of life - we don't have a name for. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

A prophet is not someone with special visions, just someone blind to most of what others see -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

People who forecast simply because "that's my job," knowing pretty well that their forecast is ineffectual, are not what I would call ethical. What they do is no different from repeating lies simply because "it's my job." -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

It certainly takes bravery to remain skeptical; it takes inordinate courage to introspect, to confront oneself, to accept one's limitations
Scientists are seeing more and more evidence that we are specifically designed by mother nature to fool ourselves. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

In politics we face the choice between warmongering, nation-state loving, big-business agents on one hand; and risk-blind, top-down, epistemic arrogant big servants of large employers on the other. But we have a choice. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

It takes extraordinary wisdom and self-control to accept that many things have a logic we do not understand that is smarter than our own. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

People work out, they stress their body, and their body gets stronger from stress. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Mental clarity is the child of courage, not the other way around. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

People feel deep anxiety finding out that someone they thought was stupid is actually more intelligent than they are. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Is the most antifragile place on the planet; it benefits from shocks that take place in the rest of the world. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Light control works; close control leads to overreaction, sometimes causing the machinery to break into pieces. In a famous paper "On Governors," published in 1867, Maxwell modeled the behavior and showed mathematically that tightly controlling the speed of engines leads to instability. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

I believe that forcing researchers to eat their own cooking whenever possible solves a serious problem in science. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

One general, Fabius Maximus was nicknamed Cunctator, "the Procrastinator." He drove Hannibal, who had an obvious military superiority, crazy by avoiding and delaying engagement. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

It is remarkable how fast and how effectively you can construct a nationality with a flag , a few speeches, and a national anthem; to this day I avoid the label "Lebanese," preferring the less restrictive "Levantine" designation. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

What kills me makes others stronger, -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

We scorn the abstract; we scorn it with passion. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

It is as if the mission of modernity was to squeeze every drop of variability and randomness out of life - with the ironic result of making the world a lot more unpredictable, as if the goddesses of chance wanted to have the last word. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

I have no large desire to sacrifice much of my personal habits, intellectual pleasures, and personal standards in order to become a billionaire like Warren Buffett, and I certainly do not see point of becoming one if I were to adopt Spartan (even miserly) habits and live in my starter house. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

It does not matter how frequently something succeeds if failure is too costly to bear. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The bonus for bankers fragilizes the system. Someone has the upside at the expense of others. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

An idea does not survive because it is better than the competition, but rather because the person who holds it has survived! Accordingly, -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Avoid losers. If you hear someone use the words 'impossible', 'never', 'too difficult' too often, drop him or her from your social network. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The number of managers with great track records in a given market depends far more on the number of people who started in the investment business (in place of going to dental school), rather than on their ability to produce profits. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

I attended a symposium, an event named after a fifth century (B.C.) Athenian drinking party in which nonnerds talked about love; alas, there was no drinking, and mercifully, nobody talked about love. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Technology is the result of antifragility, exploited by risk-takers in the form of tinkering and trial and error, with nerd-driven design confined to the backstage. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Private equity has absolutely no reason to exist. The private equity holder has all the upside and the banks all the downside. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Keeping one's distance from an ignorant person is equivalent to keeping company with a wise man. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

My experience is that money and transactions purify relations; ideas and abstract matters like "recognition" and "credit" warp them, creating an atmosphere of perpetual rivalry. I grew to find people greedy for credentials nauseating, repulsive, and untrustworthy. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

I will set aside the point that I see no special heroism in accumulating money, particularly if, in addition, the person is foolish enough to not even try to derive any tangible benefit from the wealth (aside from the pleasure of regularly counting the beans). -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Academics are only useful when they try to be useless (say, as in mathematics and philosophy) and dangerous when they try to be useful. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Is often a good career move for an author. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

I select a very small number of things to be sceptical about, such as markets, and on these I am hypersceptic. But I want to be fooled by randomness in art. I want the ceremonial of religion; we are made for it. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Anything organic requires some dose of variability so it can adapt all the time, and fixing things is not a good idea. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

For the robust, an error is information. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

One cannot judge a performance in any given field (war, politics, medicine, investments) by the results, but by the costs of the alternative (i.e., if history played out in a different way). -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

You have family-owned businesses that have been around for 500 years. You cannot name a corporation that survives intact for even a few decades. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The worst problem of modernity lies in the malignant transfer of fragility and antifragility from one party to the other, with one getting the benefits, the other (unwittingly) getting the harm, with such transfer facilitated by the growing wedge between the ethical and the legal. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

In poor countries, officials receive explicit bribes; in D.C. they get the sophisticated, implicit, unspoken promise to work for large corporations -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Simplicity is not so simple to attain. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

A washing machine needs constant maintenance. It doesn't want any harm. It wants tranquility, and you need someone to - you're not going to harm it by continuously monitoring it and adjusting it. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The classical man's worst fear was inglorious death; the modern man's worst fear is just death -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

If you hear a "prominent" economist using the word 'equilibrium,' or 'normal distribution,' do not argue with him; just ignore him, or try to put a rat down his shirt. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Believe me, it is tough to deal with the social consequences of the appearance of continuous failure. We are social animals; hell is other people. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Being an entrepreneur is an existential, not just a financial thing. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Read books are far less valuable than unread ones. The library should contain as much of what you do not know as your financial means, mortgage rates, and the currently tight real-estate market alow you to put there. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Large corporations and governments do not seem to understand this rebound power of information and its ability to control those who try to control it. When you hear a corporation or a debt-laden government trying to "reinstill confidence" you know they are fragile, hence doomed. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Regular minds find similarities in stories (and situations); finer minds detect differences. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Academia is to knowledge what prostitution is to love; close enough on the surface but, to the nonsucker, not exactly the same thing -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Don't aim to be perfect! Aim to be antifragile -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

It is generally accepted that harm from doctors - not including risks from hospital germs - accounts for more deaths than any single cancer. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Alan Greenspan is unskilled; you don't take the unskilled seriously. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Heroes are heroes because they are heroic in behavior, not because they won or lost. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Only he who is free with his time is free with his opinion. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The French writer Edmond About, who visited Greece in 1832, a dozen years after its independence, reports how peasants struggled with the metric system as it was completely unnatural to them and stuck to Ottoman standards instead. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

When things go our way we reject the lack of certainty. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

There is something in nature you don't understand, odds are it makes sense in a deeper way that is beyond your understanding. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

I don't read the papers; I stopped reading the papers. I read the papers only during periods of crisis, and I think papers are too long on a regular day and too short days when we have a crisis. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

I no longer care about the financial system. I gave them my roadmap. OK? Thanks, bye. I've no idea what's going on. I'm disconnected. I'm totally disengaged. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Never ask a man if he is from Sparta: If he were, he would have let you know such an important fact - and if he were not, you could hurt his feelings. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

I had time to kill at the airport and it was a great opportunity for me to buy dark European chocolate, especially since I have managed to successfully convince myself that airport calories don't count. The -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

had no name for the color blue but managed rather well without it - we stayed for a long part of our history culturally, not biologically, color blind. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The opposite of manliness isn't cowardice; it's technology. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The best way to measure the loss of intellectual sophistication - this "nerdification," to put it bluntly - is in the growing disappearance of sarcasm, as mechanic minds take insults a bit too literally. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The four most influential moderns: Darwin, Marx, Freud, and (the productive) Einstein were scholars but not academics. It has always been hard to do genuine - and no perishable - work within institutions -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Life is a tightrope between two errors: generalizing the wrong particular and particularizing the wrong general. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

You want to be yourself, idiosyncratic; the collective (school, rules, jobs, technology) wants you generic to the point of castration. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Redundancy is ambiguous because it seems like a waste if nothing unusual happens. Except that something unusual happens-usually . -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Political life loves some volatility. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The worst side effect of wealth is the social associations it forces on its victims, as people with big houses end up socializing with other people with big houses. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The central idea in The Black Swan is that: rare events cannot be estimated from empirical observation since they are rare. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

People are much less interested in what you are trying to show them than what you are trying to hide. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Some people are only funny when they try to be serious. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Don't understand? is, simply, work on the undesirable states of f(x). It is often easier to modify f(x) than to get better knowledge of x. (In other words, robustification rather than forecasting Black Swans.) Example: If I buy an insurance on -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

An ad hominen attack against an intellectual, not against an idea, is highly flattering. It indicates that the person does not have anything intelligent to say about your message. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

If my brain can tell the difference between noise and signal, my heart cannot. Such -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

I have always hated employment and the associated dependence on someone else's arbitrary opinion, particularly when much of what's done inside large corporations violates my sense of ethics. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Curiosity is antifragile, like an addiction, and is magnified by attempts to satisfy it - books have a secret mission and ability to multiply, as everyone who has wall-to-wall bookshelves knows well. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Not seeing a tsunami or an economic event coming is excusable; building something fragile to them is not. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

It was calculated that actors who win an Oscar tend to live on average about five years longer than their peers who don't. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

People employed in financial institutions are rarely interesting and even more rarely likable. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The Nation-state: apartheid without political incorrectness. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Only the autodidacts are free. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

It is much harder to become independent if you are wealthy than to become wealthy if you are independent. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

If the student is smart, the teacher takes the credit. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Education makes the wise slightly wiser, but it makes the fool vastly more dangerous. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

What America does best is produce the ability to accept failure. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

We are faulty and there is no need to bother trying to correct our flaws. We are so defective and so mismatched to our environment that we can just work around these flaws. I -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

between one-third and one-half of all marriages fail, -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

An idea starts to be interesting when you get scared of taking it to its logical conclusion. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Authors, artists, and even philosophers are much better off having a very small number of fanatics behind them than a large number of people who appreciate their work. The number of persons who dislike the work don't count - there is no such thing as the opposite of buying your book, -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Our brain is not cut out for nonlinearities. People think that if, say, two variables are causally linked, then a steady input in one variable should always yield a result in the other one. Our emotional apparatus is designed for linear causality. For -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Answer e-mails from junior people before more senior ones. Junior people have further to go and tend to remember who slighted them. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

A turkey is fed for a thousand days by a butcher; every day confirms to its staff of analysts that butchers love turkeys "with increased statistical confidence. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Roman emperor Marcus Aurelius (one of the doer-Stoic authors), "fire feeds on obstacles. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The Procrustean bed in life consists precisely in simplifying the non-linear and making it linear - the simplification that distorts. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

If my brain can ttell the difference between noise and signal, my heart cannot. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

One single observation can invalidate a general statement derived from millennia of confirmatory sightings of millions of white swans. All you need is one single (and, I am told, quite ugly) black bird.* -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

We attribute our successes to our skills, and our failures to external events outside our control, namely to randomness. We -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Dress your best on your execution day. Be extremely courteous to your assistant when you lose money. Try not to blame others for your fate, even if they deserve blame. Never exhibit any self-pity. Do not complain. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Being an economist is the least ethical profession, closer to charlatanism than any science. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

But the larger point is that we can now see that depriving systems of stressors, vital stressors, is not necessarily a good thing, and can be downright harmful. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

What Erasmus called ingratitudo vulgi, the ingratitude of the masses, is increasing in the age of globalization and the Internet. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

All of technology, really, is about maximizing free options. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Prediction, not narration, is the real test of our understanding of the world. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Don't disturb complicated systems that have been around for a very long time. We don't understand their logic. Don't pollute the planet. Leave it the way we found it, regardless of scientific 'evidence'. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Go to parties. You can't even start to know what you may find on the envelope of serendipity. If you suffer from agoraphobia, send colleagues. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

We know from chaos theory that even if you had a perfect model of the world, you'd need infinite precision in order to predict future events. With sociopolitical or economic phenomena, we don't have anything like that. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Patients who spend fifteen minutes every day writing an account of their daily troubles feel indeed better about what has befallen them. You -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

There is one world in which I believe the habit of mistaking luck for skill is most prevalent - and most conspicuous - and that is the world of markets. By -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Huet presents arguments against causality that are quite potent - he states, for instance, that any event can have an infinity of possible causes. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Black Swans and tail events run the socioeconomic world -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

People used to wear ordinary clothes weekdays, and formal attire on Sunday. Today it is the exact reverse. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

We tend to treat our knowledge as personal property to be protected and defended. It is an ornament that allows us to rise in the pecking order ... we take what we know a little too seriously. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

If I could predict what my day would exactly look like, I would feel a little bit dead. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

What organized dating sites fail to understand is that the people are far more interesting in what they don't say about themselves. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Stoicism is about the *domestication* of emotions, not their elimination. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

There is a saying that bad traders divorce their spouse sooner than abandon their positions. Loyalty to ideas is not a good thing for traders, scientists - or anyone. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

I figured out that whatever I selected myself I could read with more depth and more breadth - there was a match to my curiosity. And I could take advantage of what people later pathologized as Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD) by using natural stimulation as a main driver to scholarship. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

By all means, avoid words - threats, complaints, justification, narratives, reframing, attempts to win arguments, supplications; avoid words! -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Every social association that is not face-to-face is injurious to your health -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

So the modern world may be increasing in technological knowledge, but, paradoxically, it is making things a lot more unpredictable. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

If my detractors knew me better they would hate me even more. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Democracies can't handle austerity measures very well. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

There is a certain category of fool-the overeducated, the academic, the journalist, the newspaper reader, the mechanistic scientist, the pseudo-empiricist, those endowed with what I call epistemic arrogance, this wonderful ability to discount what they did not see, the unobserved. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

More data - such as paying attention to the eye colors of the people around when crossing the street - can make you miss the big truck. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

From such examples, I derived the rule that what is called "healthy" is generally unhealthy, just as "social" networks are antisocial, and the "knowledge"-based economy is typically ignorant. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

But simplicity is not so simple to attain. Steve Jobs figured out that "you have to work hard to get your thinking clean to make it simple." The Arabs have an expression for trenchant prose: no skill to understand it, mastery to write it. Heuristics -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

I lift heavy weights and sprint, but I am so bad at it that I develop severe injuries. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Maximize the serendipity around you. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Bailing out every bank that fails makes the system riskier, not safer. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

We glorify those who left their names in history books at the expense of those contributors about whom our books are silent. We humans are not just a superficial race - we are a very unfair one. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Why do we keep focusing on the minutiae, not the possible significant large events, in spite of the obvious evidence of their huge influence? -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

With few exceptions, those who dress outrageously are robust or even antifragile in reputation; those clean-shaven types who dress in suits and ties are fragile to information about them. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

By setting oneself totally free of constraints, free of thoughts, free of this debilitating activity called work, free of efforts, elements hidden in the texture of reality start staring at you; then mysteries that you never thought existed emerge in front of your eyes. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

With a Latin saying that sophistication is born out of hunger (artificia docuit fames). -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Scientists may be in the business of laughing at their predecessors, but owing to an array of human mental dispositions, few realize that someone will laugh at their beliefs in the (disappointingly near) future. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Men destroy each other during war, themselves during peacetime. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Paul Krugman is a danger to society! -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Economics make homeopath and alternative healers look empirical and scientific. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

I am happy everywhere except in places where I see glitz and rich farts. I am happiest in Brooklyn, where the concentration of rich farts is minimal. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The imagination of the genius vastly surpasses his intellect; the intellect of the academic vastly surpasses his imagination -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

When I trade, I don't have an agency problem; I have my neck on the line. When a bank or banker trades, it's not his neck on the line. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

from increasing the number of people in the "tails," that small, very small number of risk takers crazy enough to have ideas of their own, those endowed with -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The problem of knowledge is that there are many more books on birds written by ornithologists than books on birds written by birds and books on ornithologists written by birds -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

It was obvious that their profits were simply cash borrowed from destiny with some random payback time. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Half of the people lie with their lips; the other half with their tears -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

what is made to fly will not do well trapped on the ground, -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

A life saved is a statistic; a person hurt is an anecdote. Statistics are invisible; anecdotes are salient. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

For the antifragile, shocks bring more benefits (equivalently, less harm) as their intensity increases (up to a point). -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Janet Yellen at the FED is equivalent to having a biology schoolteacher who has never seen blood perform brain surgery. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The mortgage crisis is a clear instance of consumers who needed protection. There was predatory lending to people who didn't know what they were doing. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The characteristic feature of the loser is to bemoan, in general terms, mankind's flaws, biases, contradictions, and irrationality - without exploiting them for fun and profit -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Bitcoin is the beginning of something great: a currency without a government, something necessary and imperative. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

We are victims of the post-Enlightenment view that the world functions like a sophisticated machine, to be understood like a textbook engineering problem and run by wonks. In other words, like a home appliance, not like the human body. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Philosophers talk about truth and falsehood. People in life talk about payoff, exposure, and consequences (risks and rewards), hence fragility and antifragility. And sometimes philosophers and thinkers and those who study conflate Truth with risks and rewards. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

I suppose that the main benefit of being rich (over just being independent) is to be able to despise rich people (a good concentration of whom you find in glitzy ski resorts) without any sour grapes. It is even sweeter when these farts don't know that you are richer than they are. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Michelangelo was asked by the pope about the secret of his genius, particularly how he carved the statue of David, largely considered the masterpiece of all masterpieces. His answer was: "It's simple. I just remove everything that is not David. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Success is about honour, feeling morally calibrated, absence of shame, not what some newspaper defines from an external metric. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The fastest way to become rich is to socialize with the poor; the fastest way to become poor is to socialize with the rich. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

History is opaque. You see what comes out, not the script that produces events, [ ... ] The generator of historical events is different from the events themselves, much as the minds of the gods cannot be read just by witnessing their deeds. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Interventionism depletes mental and economic resources; it is rarely available when it is needed the most. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Nietzsche had the Latin pun aut liberi, aut libri - either children or books, both information that carries through the centuries. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Forecasting by bureaucrats tends to be used for anxiety relief rather than for adequate policy making. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

It is just that narrative can be lethal when used in the wrong places. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

There are two types of people: those who try to win and those who try to win arguments. They are never the same. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Complex systems are full of interdependencies - hard to detect - and nonlinear responses. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

In short, the fragilista (medical, economic, social planning) is one who makes you engage in policies and actions, all artificial, in which the benefits are small and visible, and the side effects potentially severe and invisible. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

In the long run everything with the most minute vulnerability breaks, given the ruthlessness of time. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

In social policy, when we provide a safety net, it should be designed to help people take more entrepreneurial risks, not to turn them into dependents. This doesn't mean that we should be callous to the underprivileged. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Those who were unlucky in life in spite of their skills would eventually rise. The lucky fool might have benefited from some luck in life; over the longer run he would slowly converge to the state of a less-lucky idiot. Each one would revert to his long-term properties. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The reference point argument is as follows: do not compute odds from the vantage point of the winning gambler (or the lucky Casanova, or the endlessly bouncing back New York City, or the invincible Carthage), but from all those who started in the cohort. Consider -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

You have a real life if and only if you do not compete with anyone in any of your pursuits. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

If one puts an infinite number of monkeys in front of typewriters, and lets them clap away, there is a certainty that one of them will come out with an exact version of the 'Iliad.' -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Now for reasons that have to do with the increase of the artificial, the move away from ancestral and natural models, and the loss in robustness owing to complications in the design of everything, the role of Black Swans in increasing. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

It is a very recent disease to mistake the unobserved for the nonexistent; but some are plagued with the worse disease of mistaking the unobserved for the unobservable. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

So knowledge grows by subtraction much more than by addition - given that what we know today might turn out to be wrong but what we know to be wrong cannot turn out to be right, at least not easily. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Simply, humans should not be given explosive toys (like atomic bombs, financial derivatives, or tools to create life). -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

I can find confirmation for just about anything, the -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

I suspect that they put Socrates to death because there is something terribly unattractive, alienating, and nonhuman in thinking with too much clarity. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

There are systems that use failure as fuel for improvement, where the cost of failure is small. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

When an investor focuses on short-term investments, he or she is observing the variability of the portfolio, not the returns - in short, being fooled by randomness. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

If you don't feel that you haven't read enough, you haven't read enough. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Never think that lack of variability is stability. Don't confuse lack of volatility with stability, ever. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

It's not a good idea to take a forecast from someone wearing a tie. If possible, tease people who take themselves and their knowledge too seriously. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Sometimes people ask you a question with their eyes begging you to not tell them the truth. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Most humans manage to squander their free time, as free time makes them dysfunctional, lazy, and unmotivated - the busier they get, the more active they are at other tasks. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Seneca's version of that Stoicism is antifragility from fate. No downside from Lady Fortuna, plenty of upside. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Charm is the ability to insult people without offending them; nerdiness the reverse -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

We can control a function of x, f(x), even if x remains vastly beyond our understanding. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

At no point in history have so many non-risk-takers, that is, those with no personal exposure, exerted so much control. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Comfort makes you weaker. We need some variability, some stressors. Not too much, but just enough. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Restaurants get you in with food to sell you liquor; religions get you in with belief to sell you rules. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

For if you think that education causes wealth, rather than being a result of wealth, or that intelligent actions and discoveries are the result of intelligent ideas, you will be in for a surprise. Let us see what kind of surprise. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

An erudite is someone who displays less than he knows; a journalist or consultant the opposite. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Ideas come and go, stories stay. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

A central argument is never a summary. It is more like a generator. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

My best definition of a nerd: someone who asks you to explain an aphorism -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

For the fragile, the cumulative effect of small shocks is smaller than the single effect of an equivalent single large shock. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Cumulative errors depend largely on the big surprises, the big opportunities. Not only do economic, financial, and political predictors miss them, but they are quite ashamed to say anything outlandish to their clients and yet events, it turns out, are almost always outlandish. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

But it remains the case that you know what is wrong with a lot more confidence than you know what is right. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

So let us call here the teleological fallacy the illusion that you know exactly where you are going, and that you knew exactly where you were going in the past, and that others have succeeded in the past by knowing where they were going. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Information is bad for knowledge. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

We said that mere judgment would probably suffice in a primitive society. It is easy for a society to live without mathematics - -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Work destroys your soul by stealthily invading your brain during the hours not officially spent working; be selective about professions. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Learn to fail with pride - and do so fast and cleanly. Maximise trial and error - by mastering the error part. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The next time you experience a blackout, take some solace by looking at the sky. You will not recognize it. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

If you take risks and face your fate with dignity, there is nothing you can do that makes you small; if you don't take risks, there is nothing you can do that makes you grand, nothing. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The government-sponsored institution Fannie Mae, when I look at its risks, seems to be sitting on a barrel of dynamite, vulnerable to the slightest hiccup. But not to worry: their large staff of scientists deemed these events "unlikely." -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

do not use this argument to avoid trying to learn from history. All I am saying is that it is not so simple; be suspicious of the "because" and handle it with care - particularly in situations where you suspect silent evidence. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

If you need to listen to music while walking, don't walk; and please don't listen to music. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

At the end, what matters is the strength of the string - not the wealth and power of the dining party. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The fool generalizes the particular; the nerd particularizes the general; some do both; and the wise does neither -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Mild success can be explainable by skills and labor. Wild success is attributable to variance. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

It is said that the best horses lose when they compete with slower ones and win against better rivals. Undercompensation from the absence of a stressor,inverse hormesis, absence of challenge, degrades the best of the best. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Also, it's good to have more than one profession, in case your own profession goes out of style. A Wall Street trader who's also a belly dancer will do a lot better than a trader who winds up driving a taxi. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The only condition for such brand of more sophisticated rationalism: to believe and act as if one does not have the full story - to be sophisticated you need to accept that you are not so. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

People focus on role models; it is more effective to find antimodels - people you don't want to resemble when you grow up -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The inability to predict outliers implies the inability to predict the course of history -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

We build toys. Some of those toys change the world. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

You may never know what type of person someone is unless they are given opportunities to violate moral or ethical codes. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Never take advice from anyone in a tie. They'll bankrupt you. Don't ask a general for advice on war, and don't ask a broker for advice on money. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Aesthetics, ethics, and many good things in humans are contagious. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Modernity has replaced ethics with legalese, and the law can be gamed with a good lawyer. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

We laugh at others and we don't realize that someone will be just as justified in laughing at us on some not too remote day -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Some things benefit from shocks; they thrive and grow when exposed to volatility, randomness, disorder, and stressors and love adventure, risk, and uncertainty. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Procrastination is the soul rebelling against entrapment. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

My biggest problem with modernity may lie in the growing separation of the ethical and the legal -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

(I've had a hard time conveying to intellectuals the intellectual superiority of practice.) -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

to avoid dullness may help to filter out the nonessential.) -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Much of the research into humans' risk-avoidance machinery shows that it is antiquated and unfit for the modern world; it is made to counter repeatable attacks and learn from specifics. If someone narrowly escapes being eaten by a tiger in a certain cave, then he learns to avoid that cave. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

major ramification of the ludic fallacy: how those whose job it is to make us aware of uncertainty fail us and divert us into bogus certainties through the back door. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

I don't know anyone on Wall Street who goes to work every day thinking of anything but how to increase their bonus. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The American people will eventually get hurt by this accumulated deficit. That's the problem. We have too much deficit. We have to find a solution. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

You can tell how poor someone feels by the number of times he references "money" in his conversation. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The difference between technology and slavery is that slaves are fully aware that they are not free -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The appearance of busyness reinforces the perception of causality, of the link between results, and one's role in them. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Normative Economics is like religion without the aesthetics. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

We do not realize the full extent of the difference between near and far futures. Yet -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The more you summarize, the more order you put in, the less randomness. Hence the same condition that makes us simplify pushes us to think that the world is less random than it actually is. And -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Stoicism's Emotional Robustification Success brings an asymmetry: you now have a lot more to lose than to gain. You are hence fragile. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

I will repeat the following until I am hoarse: it is contagion that determines the fate of a theory in social science, not its validity. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Any system that is deprived of its natural volatility, with government up (unintelligible) volatile, any system becomes very fragile. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

This is hard to accept in the age of the Internet. It has been very hard for me to explain that the more data you get, the less you know what's going on, and the more iatrogenics you will cause. People are still under the illusion that "science" means more data. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

I always remind myself that what one observes is at best a combination of variance and returns, not just returns. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

cocksure prophet. Where I beg to differ with the great -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Banks have never made money in the history of banking, losing the equivalent of all their past profits periodically - while bankers strike it rich. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

You know you have influence when people start noticing your absence more than the presence of others. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

central problem is that birds rarely write more than ornithologists - Combining -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Information is antifragile; it feeds more on attempts to harm it than it does on efforts to promote it. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Suckers try to win arguments, nonsuckers try to win. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Suckers think that you cure greed with money, addiction with substances, expert problems with experts, banking with bankers, economics with economists, and debt crises with debt spending -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

I'm in favour of religion as a tamer of arrogance. For a Greek Orthodox, the idea of God as creator outside the human is not God in God's terms. My God isn't the God of George Bush. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

It is a sign of weakness to avoid showing signs of weakness. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Too much success is the enemy, too much failure is demoralizing. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Be. So I follow the Lindy effect as a guide in selecting what to read: books that have been around for ten years will be around for ten more; books that have been around for two millennia should be around for quite a bit of time, and so forth. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

That if you need something urgently done, give the task to the busiest (or second busiest) person in the office. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

For the classics philosophical insight was the product of a life of leisure; for me a life of leisure is the product of philosophical insight. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

If you roll dice, you know that the odds are one in six that the dice will come up on a particular side. So you can calculate the risk. But, in the stock market, such computations are bull - you don't even know how many sides the dice have! -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

We can also see from the turkey story the mother of all harmful mistakes: mistaking absence of evidence (of harm) for evidence of absence, -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

I'd rather have the market tell us what - I'd rather have events precipitate events, rather than just sit there like passive people in Washington. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Probability is not about the odds, but about the belief in the existence of an alternative outcome, cause, or motive. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Those who talk about books as commodities are inauthentic, just as those who collect acquaintances can be superficial in their friendships. A novel you like resembles a friend. You read it and reread it, getting to know it better. Like a friend, you accept it the way it is; you do not judge it. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

for decades doctors never suspected that this "useless" tissue might actually have a use that escaped their detection. The -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

You need a story to displace a story. Metaphors and stories are far more potent (alas) than ideas; they are also easier to remember and more fun to read. If I have to go after what I call the narrative disciplines, my best tool is a narrative.
Ideas come and go, stories stay. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

It is often the mistakes of others that benefit the rest of us and, sadly, not them ... For the antifragile, harm from errors should be less than the benefits. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The payoff of a human venture is, in general, inversely proportional to what it is expected to be. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Breaking a fast feels like the exact opposite of a hangover. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

A man is honorable in proportion to the personal risks he takes for his opinion - in other words, the amount of downside he is exposed to. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

You know, children philosophize more than adults - and they are critical of adults. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

What we do today has nothing to do with capitalism or socialism. It is a crony type of system that transfers money to the coffers of bureaucrats. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Weak men act to satisfy their needs, stronger men their duties. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

This idea that in order to make a decision you need to focus on the consequences (which you can know) rather than the probability (which you can't know) is the central idea of uncertainty. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

that very rare ability called imagination, that rarer quality called courage, and who make things happen. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The only valid political system is one that can handle an imbecile in power without suffering from it -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

I know that history is going to be dominated by an improbable event, I just don't know what that event will be. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Don't read newspapers for the news (just for the gossip and, of course, profiles of authors). The best filter to know if the news matters is if you hear it in cafes, restaurants ... or (again) parties. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

This nationality business helps you make a great story and satisfies your hunger for ascription of causes. It seems to be the dump site where all explanations go until one can ferret out a more obvious one (such as, say, some evolutionary argument that "makes sense"). Indeed, -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The Black Swan asymmetry allows you to be confident about what is wrong, not about what you believe is right. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

There is asymmetry. Those who die do so very early in the game, while those who live go on living very long. Whenever there is asymmetry in outcomes, the average survival has nothing to do with the median survival. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

And we can almost always detect antifragility (and fragility) using a simple test of asymmetry: anything that has more upside than downside from random events (or certain shocks) is antifragile; the reverse is fragile. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Dignity is worth nothing unless you earn it, unless you are willing to pay a price for it. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Seneca and stoicism as a back door to explain why everything antifragile has to have more upside than downside -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Nature builds things that are antifragile. In the case of evolution, nature uses disorder to grow stronger. Occasional starvation or going to the gym also makes you stronger, because you subject your body to stressors and gain from them. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

My nightmare scenario is that the government saves Citibank once again, as well as the other banks, and business resumes as usual. Then, the next time the system breaks, it breaks much, much bigger. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Assume that you live in a town with two hospitals - one large, the other small. On a given day 60 percent of those born in one of the two hospitals are boys. Which hospital is it likely to be? -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

In the United States, large corporations control some members of Congress. All this does is delay the corporation's funeral at our expense. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

You want failures to be small and informational. Silicon Valley does very well. It knows how to use failure as a tool for improvement. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The problem with experts is that they do not know what they do not know -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The twentieth century was the bankruptcy of the social utopia; the twenty-first will be that of the technological one. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Fragility is the quality of things that are vulnerable to volatility. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The best horses lose when they compete with slower ones, and win against better rivals. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

In general, positive Black Swans take time to show their effect while negative ones happen very quickly - it is much easier and much faster to destroy than to build. (During -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

In economic life and history more generally, just about everything of consequence comes from black swans; ordinary events have paltry effects in the long term. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Rationalism crashes in the tails. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Mathematics is principally a tool to meditate, rather than to compute. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

You can tell how uninteresting a person is by asking him whom he finds interesting. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Governments that try to shoot for a surplus hardly ever reach it. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Innovation and sophistication spark from initial situations of necessity, in ways that go far beyond the satisfaction of such necessity -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

A prophet is not someone who first had an idea. He is the one to first believe in it and take it to its conclusion. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

awareness of a problem does not mean much - particularly when you have special interests and self-serving institutions in play. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The tragedy of virtue is that the more obvious, boring, unoriginal, and sermonizing the proverb, the harder it is to implement. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

You can afford to be compassionate, lax, and courteous if, once in a while, when it is least expected of you, but completely justified, you sue someone, or savage an enemy, just to show that you can walk the walk. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

There is a Yiddish saying: If I am going to be forced to eat pork, it better be of the best kind. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Black Swan Is Relative to Knowledge -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Modernity widened the distance between the sensational and the relevant. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

By creating bureaucracies, we put civil servants in a position to make decisions based on abstract and theoretical matters, with the illusion that they will be making them in a rational, accountable way. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

This lack of translation is a mental handicap that comes with being a human; and we will only start to attain wisdom or rationality when we make an effort to overcome and break through it. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

I want them poor and they deserve to be poor. You can't have capitalism without punishment. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Categorizing is necessary for humans, but it becomes pathological when the category is seen as definitive, preventing people from considering the fuzziness of boundaries, -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Randomness works well in search sometimes better than humans. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

He tends to mistake the unknown for the nonexistent. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

A mathematician starts with a problem and creates a solution; a consultant starts by offering a "solution" and creates a problem. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The implication is that we feel emotions (limbic brain) then find an explanation (neocortex). As -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Another definition of modernity: conversations can be more and more completely reconstructed with clips from other conversations taking place at the same time on the planet. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

You are rich if money you refuse tastes better than money you accept. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

We learn the most from fools ... yet we pay them back with the worst ingratitude. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Bankers, they're not harmed by their mistakes. They benefit when things go right, and the society pays the price. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

We are not made to view things as independent from each other. When viewing two events A and B, it is hard not to assume that A causes B, B causes A, or both cause each other. Our bias is immediately to establish a causal link. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Is the economy something organic or is it something engineered? I think it's closer to the organic. You harm it by artificially suppressing volatility in it. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Just as no monkey is as good-looking as the ugliest of humans, no academic is worthier than the worst of the creators -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

To become a philosopher, start by walking very slowly. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Modernity: we created youth without heroism, age without wisdom, and life without grandeur -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

To understand how something works, figure out how to break it. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Capitalism is about adventurers who get harmed by their mistakes, not people who harm others with their mistakes. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Nation-states like war; city-states like commerce; families like stability; and individuals like entertainment, -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

We didn't get where we are thanks to the sissy notion of resilience. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

[T]he worst thing one can do to feel one knows things a bit deeper is to try to go into them a bit deeper. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

If you're going to fail, you'd rather fail early than fail late in general. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Your reputation is harmed the most by what you say to defend it. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Asking science to explain life and vital matters is equivalent to asking a grammarian to explain poetry. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

We can, however, assess regularities by running precise and thorough experiments on how people react under certain conditions, and keep a tally of what we see. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

My major hobby is teasing people who take themselves and the quality of their knowledge too seriously and those who don't have the guts to sometimes say: I don't know ... -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

There are secrets to our world that only practice can reveal, and no opinion or analysis will ever capture in full. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Much of aging comes from a misunderstanding of the effect of comfort. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

It seems that it is the most unsuccessful people who give the most advice, particularly for writing and financial matters. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

For many people, commuting is the worst part of the day, and policies that can make commuting shorter and more convenient would be a straightforward way to reduce minor but widespread suffering. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

A man without a heroic bent starts dying at the age of thirty. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Pure generosity is when you help the ingrate. Every other form is self-serving. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Character is proportionate to N, the number of consecutive failures without being discouraged, or equivalently, the number of successive rejections without being intimidated. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Banking is a very treacherous business because you don't realize it is risky until it is too late. It is like calm waters that deliver huge storms. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

We should ban banks from risk-taking because society is going to pay the price. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

One death is a tragedy; a million is a statistic." Statistics stay silent in us. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

We have far too many ways to interpret past events for our own good. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The more data we have, the more likely we are to drown in it. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

One useful trick, I discovered, is to avoid listening to the question of the interviewer, and answer with whatever I have been thinking about recently. Remarkably, neither the interviewers nor the public notices the absence of correlation between question and answer. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

A verbal threat is the most authentic certificate of impotence. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Memory is more of a self-serving dynamic revision machine: you remember the last time you remembered the event, and without realizing it, change the story at every subsequent remembrance. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

A good book gets better at the second reading. A great book at the third. Any book not worth rereading isn't worth reading. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The occurrence of a highly improbable event is the equivalent of the nonoccurrence of a highly probable one -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The model was right, it worked well, but the game turned out to be a different one than anticipated. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

It is far easier to figure out if something is fragile than to predict the occurrence of an event that may harm it. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

A good maxim allows you to have the last word without even starting a conversation. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Wit seduces by signaling intelligence without nerdiness. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

If you want to annoy a poet, explain his poetry. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Experience is devoid of the cherry-picking that we find in studies. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

...we are too brainwashed by notions of causality and we think that it is smarter to say because than to accept randomness. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The world in which we live has an increasing number of feedback loops, causing events to be the cause of more events (say, people buy a book because other people bought it), thus generating snowballs and arbitrary and unpredictable planet-wide winner-take-all effects. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Never, never, never think - that's one lesson you should have in life. Never think that lack of variability is stability. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

When you ask people, 'What's the opposite of fragile?,' they tend to say robust, resilient, adaptable, solid, strong. That's not it. The opposite of fragile is something that gains from disorder. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

What fools call "wasting time" is most often the best investment. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

We can get closer to the truth by negative instances, not by verification! It -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

your happiness depends far more on the number of instances of positive feelings, what psychologists call "positive affect," than on their intensity when they hit. In -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

I'm a private intellectual, not a public one. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Mental effort moves us into higher gear, activating more vigorous and more analytical brain machinery. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Social science means inventing a certain brand of human we can understand. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Luck is the grand equalizer. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

For Mother Nature, opinions and predictions don't count; surviving is what matters. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

a series of corroborative facts is not necessarily evidence. Seeing -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

So just as Stoicism is the domestication, not the elimination, of emotions, so is the barbell a domestication, not the elimination, of uncertainty. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Success is becoming in middle adulthood what you dreamed to be in late childhood. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

To succeed in life requires a total inability to do anything that makes you uncomfortable when you look at yourself in the mirror. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

You need a story to displace a story. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

You never win an argument until they attack your person. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

I'm a capitalist but one who is smallist and localist, and who favours businesses where owners are still in charge. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

While in theory randomness is an intrinsic property, in practice, randomness is incomplete information. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Hard science gives sensational results with a horribly boring process; philosophy gives boring results with a sensational process; literature gives sensational results with a sensational process; and economics gives boring results with a boring process. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

The hidden benefit of antifragility is that you can guess worse than random and still end up outperforming. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

If something is going on, I hear about it. I like to talk to people, I socialise. Television is a waste of time. Human contact is what matters. -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb

that the Black Swan has three attributes: unpredictability, consequences, and retrospective explainability. Let -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb